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OSI Model - 3

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Open System Interconnection  (OSI) Model - 3 Summary on What we have studied in last tutorial  :- The data unit at Network layer is known as packet.  Network layer receives data from transport layer. It adds header to the data and passes data to the data link layer. The data link layer provides physical addressing which is useful for a local network. Routing is a process wherein a proper path is defined for the packets to reach destination. Internetworking means connecting two or more computer networks together. The data unit at Transport layer is called Segment.   Transport layer receives data from the session layer. It divides the data into segment with each segment having its own header and passes these segments to the network layer.   (1.5)  Session Layer  :-        This is fifth layer of OSI Model. This layer establishes, manages, synchronizes and terminates connection between the comp...
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OSI Model - 1

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Open system Interconnection  (OSI) Model - 1 Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model  :-            Open System Interconnection (OSI) Model was developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO) describes the flow of information from one computer to another. OSI model is also called ISO OSI Reference Model. It is conceptual model that has seven layers. Physical, Data link, Network, Transport, Session, Presentation and Application are the seven layers of OSI model. Each layer performs distinct functions on the data in accordance with the precious layer functions. The application, presentation and session layers are called as Upper layers.  7 layers of OSI model           All the layers of the OSI reference model use different protocols. Protocol defines the procedure that is to be followed during data transmission. It is the set of specified rules and standards used to transmit data fr...
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Switch Implement

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Switch Imlementation       In organization multiple switches are installrd to provisde network connectivity to many users as each switch supports maximum up to 48 users. Two common implementation strategies are : #(1) Implementation 1  :-       You can install the switches by connecting the switches one after another using it,s uplink port in cascade manner as shown in figure below :- Switch implementation 1        So in this case access speed and backbone speed is same i.e. 100Mbps. Access speed is the speed that any host will get if it is connected to one of the switch's access port. And backbone speed is the interconnection speed between the switches. #(2) Implementation 2  :-       Or you can connect all the switches to a central switch that is called backbone switch using their uplink ports as shown in the figure below :- Switch implementation 2         H...
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