Networking Tutorials

Multiple Choice Questions  (MCQs) on Transmission Media Questions  : (Q1). A phenomenon in which signals transmitted over a wire gets jumbled with signals transmitted over the wire is known as _ _ _ _ _ . EMI RFI Crosstalk Electronic Interference (Q2). The maximum amount of data that can be transmitted using CAT6 UTP is _ _ _ _ _ . 1 Mbps 10 Mbps 100 Mbps 1000 Mbps (Q3). The _ _ _ _ _ cable is least susceptible to interference. UTP STP Coaxial Cable Fiber Optic Cable (Q4). _ _ _ _ _ is a popular connector used in fiber optic network. SC ST SMA None of the above (Q5). _ _ _ _ _ are the common wiring standards used to prepare a cable. EIA/TIA 56A and 568B ANSI ISO/IEC 11801 AT&T 258A (Q6). _ _ _ _ _ cable is mostly used in Local Area Network ( LAN ) environments. UTP STP Coax FOC   Answers  :- Electronic Interference 1000 Mbps STP ST EIA/TIA 568A and 568B UTP # You can downl...

Transmission Media - 7 Summary on What we have studied on last tutorial  :- Single Mode :  A type of cable that has only single strand of glass fiber with a thin diameter. This is a 9/125 micrometer fiber cable. The diameter of a core glass is approximately 9 micrometer. Multi mode :   A type of cable that contains a glass fiber with a larger diameter. Multiple modes of light signals can be propagated through it. This is 62.5/125 micrometer fiber cable. A connector is a mechanical device that is attached to the fiber optic cable or the light source. Straight tip ( ST) :  It was developed by AT&T. A popular connector used with the fiber optic cables and used in Gigabit Ethernet or backbone. Joins individual fibers to optical devices. Sub Miniature Type A (SMA) :  Defines a connector that uses two individual connectors for each fiber strand. Subscriber/Standard Connector (SC) :  A type of low-cost connector used in 100 Base-FX fibe...

Transmission Media - 6 Summary on What we have studied on last tutorial  :-  A fiber optic cable consist of a centre pure (silica) glass core not much thicker than a human hair through which light signals pass. This cladding is sometimes surrounded by a metal fibers to give extra strength to the cable.   In a fiber optic cable the electrical signal is converted into appropriate left signals and transmitted through it. An emitter  sends the signals from one end of the cable and the a light sensor (Photo detector ) senses this signals and then converts into its digital equivalent. Two sources of lights : Laser and LED are used for fiber optic cable. In a fiber optic cable, signals can be transmitted in only one direction. Able to carry much more information as compared to copper cable (3.4)  Categories of Fiber optic Cable  :-       Different types of fiber optic cables are available. The two typ...

Transmission Media - 5 Summary on What we have studied on last Tutorial  :- A pair of wires wound around each other and each pair is placed inside a protective foil wrap to protect it from Crosstalk. STP can be used in environments that are near electrical units and radio towers.   STP provides better protection from crosstalk and other interference as compared to UTP. Use of STP cables reduces the interference on the account of electrical noise within and outside the cable. STP cables are used for business installation. The STP cable types are CAT 5, CAT 5e, CAT 6. Advantages of STP  is  Better protection from Crosstalk. Disadvantages of STP  is Costlier than UTP (3.1)  Fiber Optic Cable  :-              A fiber optic cable consist of a centre pure (silica) glass core not much thicker than a human hair through which light signals pass. It is surrounded by a glass clad...

Transmission Media - 4 Summary on What we have studied on last tutorial  ? :- Twisted pair cables are cable of wires twisted around each other forms a twisted pair cable to reduce crosstalk. A number of twisted pair wires are placed inside a protective sheath to form a cable. A pair of unshielded wires wound around each other is known as an UTP. An UTP is a pair of copper wires wound by plastic insulators. UTP is cheapest form of cables available for networking purposes. Electronic Industries Association ( EIA), Telecommunications Industries Association ( TIA) and American National Standards Institute ( ANSI )  are the organisation which have defined standards for UTP cabling. CAT 5 defines a cable that can carry data upto 100Mbps. The signalling frequency of this cable is upto 100 MHz. This type of cable is primarily used in today's Networking Environment.  CAT 6 d efines a four pair cable that provides and improved performance as comp...

Transmission Media - 3 Summary on what we have studied last on last tutorial  :- Coaxial Cables consists of a solid copper core surrounded by an insulator made up of Polyvinyl Chloride ( PVC ) of Teflon. The insulator acts as a barrier between the braiding and inner core. If the insulator is absent, the shield and the core may come in the contact and cause a short circuit. IEEE specifies stranded copper carrier wire with tin coating for thin coaxial cable and solid copper wire for thick coaxial cable. RJ58 cable is approximately 0.64 centimeter in diameter and is mainly used in network in which the devices are frequently added or removed. RG8 is a type of coaxial cable that is approximately 1 centimeter in diameter and mainly used as a backbone cable in Thicknet. This type of wire is stiff cable with a solid center core covered by a foam insulator, a shielding braid and an ourter sheath. The outer sheath is mostly yellow in colour.   (2.2) Twisted Pair C...

Transmission Media - (2) Summary on What we have Studied on last Tutorial  :- Networking involves connection of computers, workstations and peripheral devices. Wire is a single, cylindrical strand of metal conductor with low resistance to the current flow. Every cable has a limitation to carry signals only to a particular distance after which the quality of the signal degrades and becomes corrupt. As the signals travel through cables, they lose their strength. This loss of signal strength in a cable is called as attenuation. It is the amount of digital data that a cable can carry. Each type of cable can carry only a certain amount of information or data over a given period of time. Each type of cable is susceptible to some interference such as internal or external noise. It depends on the environment where the cable is to be laid. (2.1)  Coaxial Cable  :-       Coaxial Cables consists of a solid copper core surrounded by an i...